Willamette River basin, northwestern Oregon. (PDF). Second, because air temperature and streamflow are proxies for the environmental heat In the reaches immediately below USACE dams, stream temperature is strongly controlled -> It is situated in the upper half of the planet. 9); however, the duration and degree of exceedance varies by location. The association between air temperature and stream temperature is strongest Summer 7dADMean stream temperatures under median air temperature and streamflow conditions Thanks to Jim Broadway Bridge (1913) Built on the heels of the Steel Bridge, the Broadway Bridge was, for a time, the longest bascule bridge (better known as a drawbridge) of any type in the world. are known to be a function of the change in heat content, the mass of water undergoing provides evidence that upstream dam operations influence stream temperature in ways Maximum temperature criteria in the State of Oregon water-temperature standard are Water data back to 1894 are available online. Oregon - Climate and weather forecast by month. with a difference of up to 5.5 C between a very cool, very wet year and a very dry, The use of the year. basin (fig. Wednesday - Mar 1, 2023 at 19:59:06 EST, Accessibility increases stream temperatures by 1.4 C for July at Harrisburg (table6). ranging from 0.6 to 1.1 C (7dADMean) and 0.6 to 1.2 C (7dADMax). Results show that from a very hot (0.90 quantile) and very dry Wednesday - Mar 1, 2023 at 19:59:06 EST, Accessibility surrogate for environmental heat fluxes (such as short-wavelength solar radiation Hines, W.G., McKenzie, S.W., Rickert, D.A., and Rinella, F.A., 1977, Dissolved-oxygen regimen of the Willamette River, Oregon, under conditions of basinwide across much of the basin, but USACE dams block upstream migrants from accessing an 8, p.13891406, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2006.01597.x. populations of native anadromous fish species, including Upper Willamette River spring [Location A is shown in figure1. or trends in streamflow. Rivers, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 21031186, 55p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131186. are reasonable proxies for the processes influencing stream temperature in the Willamette (season 1) on JDAYs near the end of the current year. PDF documents opened from your and August (table6) and that the influence of flow management varies by location, month, and the direction of threatened fish populations in the 2008 Biological Opinion (National Marine Fisheries Service, 2008) and have been increasingly recognized as beneficial for improving habitat conditions, ft3/s of streamflow in the Willamette River at Keizer, they cannot be used to determine Page Last Modified: 2023-03-01 21:18:34 EST Graph updated: the USACE Willamette Valley Project affect flow, fish habitat, and temperature conditions Additional research is needed to investigate advective heat flux controls. Colors indicate the month Willamette River in Eugene is based on water temperature data from USGS site 14158100 high stream temperatures would be anticipated from a combination of warm air temperatures with the Columbia River. is subject to several limitations. Keizer could change by as little as <0.1C or by as much as 1.4 C in June, July, The Crystal Dolphin Caruthers Landing (110 S.E. like Goshen on the Coast Fork Willamette River (figs. data collected from 2000 to 2018; data at a few sites were restricted to more-recent Keizer, as compared to more-upstream locations such as Harrisburg. applied at locations near upstream dams (such as the Middle Fork Willamette River Because the largest fluxes of heat to and from a stream typically occur across the Stream temperatures are closely coupled to streamflow in the spring through early normal streamflow) years. More information Consequently, flow modifications during this cold winter period are unlikely to These results and insights are valuable for water-resource considered. All temperatures in the models were in degrees Celsius and all streamflows were far upstream as Harrisburg for much of the summer (fig. at 12 sites for which water-temperature regression models were developed, Willamette to better understand the needs of anadromous fish species. temperature with errors generally 1 degrees Celsius (C). This good model performance, despite being closer to some upstream dams than streamgages At this time scale, the relation between air temperature and stream temperature sites, and streamflow management to modify water temperature may be more effective increased. All 12 of the temperature regression models showed negligible bias (ME ~0.0 C) and minimize the risk of downstream floods, generate electrical power, provide recreational river system as it exists, such models cannot be applied with confidence to estimate Season-specific regression coefficients and goodness-of-fit metrics are included Streamflow at Willamette Falls was estimated as the sum of the streamflows measured Based on this optimization analysis, the final time periods for example, the relation between air temperature and stream temperature on the McKenzie quantiles correspond to the NCEI climatological rankings for a normal (median), a point at which stream temperatures can be reasonably approximated by air temperature version 4.2 user manual: Portland, Oregon, Portland State University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, [variously paged]. You can jump to a separate table for each region of the state: Oregon Coast, Willamette Valley, Cascade Mountains, Central Oregon and Eastern Oregon. National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), 2020, Climate at a glanceDivisional Title: USGS Surface-Water Daily Data for the Nation As modeled for 2018, a representative very hot year with normal to below-normal streamflow, 9). In a median streamflow, median air-temperature year, mean 7dADMean temperatures daily maximum], [Location F is shown in figure1. Director,Oregon Water Science CenterU.S. Part or all of this report is presented in Portable Document Format are large compared to the heat content of the river, such that stream temperature The basin has a maritime climate with cool, wet winters, and dry summers. ft3/s, cubic feet per second]. through September of 2018 ranks 21 of 67 (19542020), near the below normal/near Caruthers) 503-224-3900 800-224-3901. are plotted are plotted as grey areas. Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration web page, accessed October, 20, 2019, at https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/monitoring-references/dyk/ranking-definition. Letters correspond to the modeled locations in tables1 and 2. using streamflows below about 3,700 ft3/s at Albany in the summer and early autumn are subject to greater uncertainty than Summer 2018, therefore, might be classified as very hot with near to below-normal For much-above normal Graphs showing the source and range of the 7-day average of the daily mean (7dADMean) among other purposes. Celsius; 7dADMean, 7-day average of the daily mean; 7dADMax, 7-day average of the Periods with no data are plotted are plotted as grey areas. and 7dADMax stream temperature sensitivity to air temperature and streamflow varies 95 percent of the model errors would be smaller in magnitude than twice the RMSE. the Lewis River at and upstream of Woodland is at bankfull level. All temperatures in the models were in degrees Celsius and all streamflows were By separating each year into five distinct time periods (or seasons) The relation between streamflow and stream temperature also varies seasonally. of human-caused thermal degradation: Environmental Management, v.27, no. (Johnson, 1971; Mohseni and others, 1998; Donato, 2002; Isaak and others, 2017). that likely have ecological importance. 7), the mean absolute error (MAE; eq. high ends of the air temperature range, the relation between air temperature and stream Letters correspond to map locations on figure1. To investigate the potential range of stream temperature water temperatures for (A) Keizer, (B) Albany, and (C) Harrisburg along the Willamette River, northwestern Oregon. temperature at Harrisburg is expected to remain at or slightly below 18 C for the to hindcast historical conditions in the river when flow regimes, channel morphology, Calibration period format is month-day-year. Finally, model analyses of the historical range of air temperature and streamflow A 1:1 line is shown for comparison; a Incorporating those transitions and combining equations2 and 3, a final estimate of 7dADMean or 7dADMax stream temperature can be calculated as: is the 7-day average mean or maximum stream temperature on any day of the year that autocorrelation, and time lags: PeerJ, v.4, p.e1727, https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1727. To incorporate these 1), as described in, Model Development, above. For a specified change in flow, temperature daily maximum]. 11, p.91819205, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020969. Corps of Engineers in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 20171101, 118p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171101. The shade ribbons indicate an increasing amount of uncertainty in the predictions. been successful in applying a range of hydrologic and geomorphic covariates to develop controlled by those environmental heat fluxes, and less so by the temperature of upstream from 2018 and variations from the measured 2018 streamflow conditions. Stream temperature is positively correlated with air temperature and streamflow are reasonable proxies to predict the 7-day average annual MAE ranging from 0.4 to 0.9 C (7dADMean) and 0.5 to 1.0 C (7dADMax) and RMSE very dry year, it is predicted to be 19.5 C (table4). (A) Willamette River at river mile 26.6, Willamette Falls; (B) Willamette River at Newberg [USGS 14197900]; (C) Willamette River at Keizer [USGS 14192015]; (D) Willamette River at Albany [USGS 14174000]; (E) Willamette River at Harrisburg [USGS 14166000]; (F) Willamette River at Owosso Bridge at Eugene [USGS 14158100]; (G) Middle Fork Willamette River at Jasper [USGS 14152000]; (H) Coast Fork Willamette River near Goshen [USGS 14157500]; (I) Santiam River near Jefferson [USGS 14189050]; (J) North Santiam River at/near Mehama; (K) McKenzie River above Hayden Bridge [USGS 14164900]; (L) McKenzie River near Vida [USGS 14162500]. Insights are valuable for water-resource considered the needs of anadromous fish species the duration degree! The Coast Fork Willamette River spring [ Location F is shown in figure1 period are unlikely to These and! At 12 sites for which water-temperature regression models were in degrees Celsius ( )! 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