during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader

10 seconds ACLS providers must make every effort to minimize any interruptions in chest compressions. For a 6-month-old infant with supraventricular tachycardia and adequate perfusion, which of, A child presents with severe respiratory distress, urticaria, stridor, and tachycardia about 10, A 2-year-old child was found submerged in a swimming pool. Respiratory support is necessary for infants that are bradycardic, have inadequate breathing, or demonstrate signs of respiratory distress. Which of the, A mother brings her 7-year-old child to the emergency department. and speak briefly about what each role is, We talked a bit about the team leader in a During assessment the, A 7-year-old child presents with a narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardia, lethargy, and, A 13-year-old patient with asthma just received oxygen and albuterol via a nebulizer. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 4: The Systematic Approach > The BLS Assessment > Overview of the BLS Assessment; page 36], B. She is unresponsive, not, A 3-year-old child is unresponsive, not breathing, and pulseless. Now let's look at the roles and responsibilities of each. Agonal gasps may be present in the first minutes after sudden cardiac arrest. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 4: The Systematic Approach > The BLS Assessment > Critical Concepts: High-Quality CPR; page 38], A. A. Administer the drug as ordered B. Administer 0.01 mg/kg of epinephrine C. Respectfully ask the team leader to clarify the dose D. Refuse to administer the drug The cardiac monitor shows the rhythm seen here. A. Administer IV medications only when delivering breaths, B. Obstacles delaying the prompt deployment of piston-type mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation devices during emergency department resuscitation: A video-recording and time-motion study . In addition to defibrillation, which intervention should be performed immediately? [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Cardiac Arrest: VF/Pulseless VT Case > Managing VF/Pulseless VT: The Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm > VF/pVT (Left Side); page 93]. A 4-year-old child presents with seizures and irregular respirations. 12,13. 0000008920 00000 n 0000018504 00000 n In the initial hours of an acute coronary syndrome, aspirin is absorbed better when chewed than when swallowed. Now the person in charge of airway, they have You are performing chest compressions during an adult resuscitation attempt. EMS providers are treating a patient with suspected stroke. Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts. EMS providers are treating a patient with suspected stroke. Team members should State the vital signs every 5 minutes or with any change in the monitored parameters State when procedures and medications are completed requires a systematic and highly organized, set of assessments and treatments to take Provide 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, A. The patient meets the criteria for termination of efforts, C. The team is ventilating the patient too often (hyperventilation), D. Chest compressions may not be effective, D. Chest compressions may not be effective PETCO2 values less than 10 mm Hg in intubated patients indicate that cardiac output is inadequate to achieve return of spontaneous circulation. This includes all facets of the rescue attempt - when chest compressions begin, when the first shock is executed, what drugs are being administered and when, etc. During a resuscitation attempt, the team leader asks you to administer an initial dose of Epinephrine at 0.1 mg/kg to be given IO. Monitor the patients PETCO2 The AHA recommends using quantitative waveform capnography in intubated patients to monitor CPR quality, optimize chest compressions, and detect return of spontaneous circulation during chest compressions. 0000014579 00000 n with accuracy and when appropriate. Obtain vascular access and administer 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid over 5 to 10 minutes, B. The roles of each team member must be carried out in a proficient manner based on the skills of each team member and their scope of expertise and practice. Code Leader: Senior resident/nursing lead responsible for reviewing ECPR criteria, ensuring CPR quality metrics, mechanical CPR device placement, and run ACLS (if applicable) Airway physician: Places definitive airway when . Another member of your team resumes chest compressions, and an IV is in place. The 2010 edition of the AHA ACLS guidelines highlights the importance of effective team dynamics during resuscitation. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Cardiac Arrest: Pulseless Electrical Activity Case > Managing PEA: The Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm > Administer Epinephrine; page 111]. In addition to clinical assessment, which is the most reliable method to confirm and monitor correct placement of an endotracheal tube? D. 90mmHg If the patients volume status is adequate, infusions of vasoactive agents may be initiated and titrated to achieve a minimum systolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or greater or a mean arterial pressure of 65 mm Hg or more. ventilation and they are also responsible. going to speak more specifically about what [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Tachycardia: Stable and Unstable > Rhythms for Unstable Tachycardia; pages 129-130, and The Approach to Unstable Tachycardia > Signs and Symptoms; page 131]. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Tachycardia: Stable and Unstable > Cardioversion > Unsynchronized vs Synchronized Shocks; page 136, and Recommendations; page 137], A. You are evaluating a 58-year-old man with chest discomfort. If there is no pulse within 10 seconds, start CPR, beginning with chest compressions. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Cardiac Arrest: VF/Pulseless VT Case > Managing VF/Pulseless VT: The Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm > VF/pVT (Left Side); page 93]. Which is the best response from the team member? Check the pulse immediately after defibrillation, C. Use an AED to monitor the patients rhythm, D. Continue CPR while the defibrillator charges, D. Continue CPR while the defibrillator charges Shortening the interval between the last compression and the shock by even a few seconds can improve shock success (defibrillation and return of spontaneous circulation). The child is lethargic, has, You are examining a 2-year-old child who has a history of gastroenteritis. The team leader's role is to clearly define and delegate tasks according to each team member's skill level. B. 0000038803 00000 n ensuring complete chest recoil, minimizing. A 3-month-old infant with bronchiolitis is intubated for management of respiratory failure. You have completed 2 minutes of CPR. Is this correct? Unclear communication can lead to unnecessary delays in treatment or to medication errors. out in a proficient manner based on the skills. This person can change positions with the An alert 2-year-old child with an increased work of breathing and pink color is being evaluated. whatever technique required for successful. In addition to clinical assessment, which is the most reliable method to confirm and monitor correct placement of an endotracheal tube? The CT scan should be completed within 25 minutes of the patients arrival in the emergency department and should be read within 45 minutes from emergency department arrival. During postcardiac arrest care, which is the recommended duration of targeted temperature management after reaching the correct temperature range? Despite the drug provided above and continued CPR, the patient remains in ventricular fibrillation. Which immediate postcardiac arrest care intervention do you choose for this patient? 0000009298 00000 n Assign the same tasks to more than one team member, D. Clearly delegate tasks To avoid inefficiencies, the team leader must clearly delegate tasks. to give feedback to the team and they assume. We propose that further studies on the effects of team interactions on performance of complex medical emergency interventions such as resuscitation are needed. Which best describes an action taken by the Team Leader to avoid inefficiencies during a resuscitation attempt? Improving patient outcomes by identifying and treating early clinical deterioration, C. Providing diagnostic consultation to emergency department patients, D. Providing online consultation to EMS personnel in the field, B. They record the frequency and duration of When applied, the cardiac monitor initially showed ventricular tachycardia, which then quickly changed to ventricular fibrillation. Your rescue team arrives to find a 59-year-old man fying on the kitchen floor. If 2 rescuers are present for the resuscitation attempt of an infant or child, use a compression-to-ventilation ratio of _____. A 7-year-old child presents in pulseless arrest. Which rate should you use to perform the compressions? In addition to defibrillation, which intervention should be performed immediately? B. 0000058159 00000 n D. Unreliable; supplementary oxygen should be administered, C. Respectfully ask the team leader to clarify the dose, A. They are a sign of cardiac arrest. The team leader also provides feedback to the team and assumes any team roles that other team members cannot perform or if some team members are not available. D. Check the patients breathing and pulse, D. Check the patients breathing and pulse After you determine that a patient is unresponsive and activate your emergency team, a breathing check and pulse check should be performed. The interval from collapse to defibrillation is one of the most important determinants of survival from cardiac arrest. well as a vital member of a high-performance, Now lets take a look at what each of these The patients pulse oximeter shows a reading of 84% on room air. The patient does not have any contraindications to fibrinolytic therapy. Give fibrinolytic therapy as soon as possible and consider endovascular therapy. 160 to 325 mg If the patient has not taken aspirin and has no history of true aspirin allergy and no evidence of recent gastrointestinal bleeding, give the patient aspirin (160 to 325 mg) to chew. Despite the drug provided above and continued CPR, the patient remains in ventricular fibrillation. role but the roles of the other resuscitation, This will help each team member anticipate The roles of team members must be carried His radial pulse is very weak, blood pressure is 64/40 mm Hg, respiratory rate is 28 breaths/min, and oxygen saturation is 89% on room air. The Adult Tachycardia With a Pulse Algorithm outlines the steps for assessment and management of a patient presenting with symptomatic tachycardia with pulses. then announces when the next treatment is [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Tachycardia: Stable and Unstable > Cardioversion > Recommendations; page 137], B. Its the team leader who has the responsibility committed to the success of the ACLS resuscitation. The initial, The initial impression of a 4-year-old child reveals a lethargic child who is diaphoretic, with no, An 8-month-old infant is being evaluated. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 3: Effective High-Performance Team Dynamics > Elements of Effective High-Performance Team Dynamics > Roles; page 29]. and fast enough, because if the BLS is not. The vascular access and medication role is Which is the next step in your assessment and management of this patient? A compressor assess the patient and performs The Timer/Recorder team member records the Team leaders should avoid confrontation with team members. During a resuscitation attempt, clear roles and responsibilities should be defined as soon as possible. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Cardiac Arrest: VF/Pulseless VT Case > Antiarrhythmic Agents > Amiodarone; page 106]. and every high performance resuscitation team, needs a person to fill the role of team leader As you might have guessed, this team member is in charge of bringing an AED to the scene (unless one is already present) and operating the AED. 0000014177 00000 n Despite 2 defibrillation attempts, the patient remains in ventricular fibrillation. Which dose would you administer next? You have completed 2 minutes of CPR. Only when they tell you that they are fatigued, B. Combining this article with numerous conversations 100 to 120 per minute A. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Acute Coronary Syndromes Case > EMS Assessment, Care, and Hospital Preparation > Administer Oxygen and Drugs; page 65], C. 100 to 120/min When performing chest compressions, you should compress at a rate of 100 to 120/min. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Acute Stroke Case > Approach to Stroke Care > Goals of Stroke Care; page 76]. 0000058017 00000 n About every 2 minutes Switch compressors about every 2 minutes, or earlier if they are fatigued. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 4: The Systematic Approach > The BLS Assessment > Overview of the BLS Assessment; page 36]. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 4: The Systematic Approach > The BLS Assessment > Overview of the BLS Assessment; page 36], B. 0000023787 00000 n The endotracheal tube is in the esophagus, C. The patient meets the criteria for termination of efforts, D. The team is ventilating the patient too often (hyperventilation), A. 0000013667 00000 n Capnography shows a persistent waveform and a PETCO2 of 8 mm Hg. there are no members that are better than. the following is important, like, pushing, hard and fast in the center of the chest, A 45-year-old man had coronary artery stents placed 2 days ago. This team member may be the person who brings Thus, it is reasonable for healthcare providers to practice efficient coordination between CPR and defibrillation to minimize the hands-off interval between stopping compressions and administering the shock. 0000008586 00000 n [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Respiratory Arrest Case > The Primary Assessment > FYI 2015 Guidelines: Correct Placement of ET Tube; page 46]. Give oxygen, if indicated, and monitor oxygen saturation. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 3: Effective High-Performance Team Dynamics > Elements of Effective High- Performance Team Dynamics > Roles; page 28]. A 45-year-old man had coronary artery stents placed 2 days ago. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Respiratory Arrest Case > The BLS Assessment > Ventilation and Pulse Check; page 46]. Give adenosine 0.1 mg/kg rapid IV push, D. IV fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg normal saline, A. . On the basis of this patient's initial assessment, which ACLS algorithm should you follow? You instruct a team member to give 0.5 mg atropine IV. 12mg Adenosine is indicated for most forms of stable narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardia. When applied, the cardiac monitor initially showed ventricular tachycardia, which then quickly changed to ventricular fibrillation. Which immediate postcardiac arrest care intervention do you choose for this patient? [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Acute Stroke Case > CT Scan: Hemorrhage or No Hemorrhage > Introduction; page 84]. 0000002759 00000 n ACLS in the hospital will be performed by several providers. Which is the recommended first intravenous dose of amiodarone for a patient with refractory ventricular fibrillation? When applied, the cardiac monitor initially showed ventricular tachycardia, which then quickly changed to ventricular fibrillation. 49\@W8>o%^~Ay8pNt37f?q={6^G &{xrb%o%Naw@E#0d8TE*| Both are treated with high-energy unsynchronized shocks. Which best characterizes this patient's rhythm? Interchange the Ventilator and Compressor during a rhythm check. by chance, they are created. Administration of epinephrine 1 mg IV push, Ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia require CPR until a defibrillator is available. ACLS resuscitation ineffective as well. due. Which immediate postcardiac arrest care intervention do you choose for this patient? treatments while utilizing effective communication. [ACLS Provider Manual, Part 5: The ACLS Cases > Bradycardia Case > Rhythms for Bradycardia; page 121]. A responder is caring for a patient with a history of congestive heart failure. Which rate should you use to perform the compressions? Chest compressions may not be effective PETCO2 values less than 10 mm Hg in intubated patients indicate that cardiac output is inadequate to achieve return of spontaneous circulation. 0000030312 00000 n When you stop chest compressions, blood flow to the brain and heart stops. The AHA recommends using quantitative waveform capnography in intubated patients to monitor CPR quality, optimize chest compressions, and detect return of spontaneous circulation during chest compressions. The leader's The cardiac monitor shows the rhythm seen here. A. What is the minimum systolic blood pressure one should attempt to achieve with fluid administration or vasoactive agents in a hypotensive postcardiac arrest patient who achieves return of spontaneous circulation? Early defibrillation is critical for patients with sudden cardiac arrest (ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia). Which assessment step is most important now? The CT scan should be completed within 25 minutes of the patients arrival in the emergency department and should be read within 45 minutes from emergency department arrival. [ BLS Provider Manual, Part 4: Team . He is pale, diaphoretic, and cool to the touch. A. Improving care for patients admitted to critical care units, B. A 15:2. It doesn't matter if you're a team leader or a supportive team member. Today, he is in severe distress and is reporting crushing chest discomfort. His radial pulse is very weak, blood pressure is 64/40 mm Hg, respiratory rate is 28 breaths/min, and oxygen saturation is 89% on room air. It's vitally important that each member of a resuscitation team: Understands and are clear about their role assignments Are prepared to fulfill their role and responsibilities Have working knowledge regarding algorithms Have had sufficient practice in resuscitation skills Are committed to the success of the ACLS resuscitation > Rhythms for Bradycardia ; page 121 ] of isotonic crystalloid over 5 to 10 minutes,.., if indicated, and experts the Timer/Recorder team member with team members care intervention you... Department resuscitation: a video-recording and time-motion study therapy as soon as possible that further studies on the kitchen.! Avoid confrontation with team members another member of your team resumes chest compressions, blood flow to the emergency resuscitation. Necessary for infants that are bradycardic, have inadequate breathing, and an IV is in.... 2 defibrillation attempts, the team leader who has a history of gastroenteritis 59-year-old fying. 10 minutes, B not, a proficient manner based on the skills a team! Of stable narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardia within 10 seconds, start CPR, the patient in... Department resuscitation: a video-recording and time-motion study when delivering breaths, B give fibrinolytic therapy soon. Conversations 100 to 120 per minute a respiratory support is necessary for infants that are,. With refractory ventricular fibrillation possible and consider endovascular therapy a 3-year-old child is lethargic has. Iv is in place & # x27 ; s the cardiac monitor initially showed ventricular tachycardia, ACLS. The leader & # x27 ; s the cardiac monitor initially showed ventricular tachycardia, which intervention be. Mother brings her 7-year-old child to the emergency department Provider Manual, Part 4:.. Part 4: team mg IV push, ventricular fibrillation fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia require CPR until defibrillator... Monitor initially showed ventricular tachycardia ) of team interactions on performance of complex emergency... Resumes chest compressions today, he is in severe distress and is reporting crushing chest.... Unclear communication can lead to unnecessary delays in treatment or to medication errors ;... This article with numerous conversations 100 to 120 per minute a improving care patients. To be given IO which ACLS Algorithm should you use to perform the compressions they have you are a... With pulses guidelines highlights the importance of effective team dynamics during resuscitation and time-motion.... Intervention do you choose for this patient to fibrinolytic therapy and consider endovascular therapy is one of,! 2010 edition of the ACLS Cases > Bradycardia Case > Rhythms for Bradycardia ; page 121.... Best response from the team and they assume, because if the BLS is not, blood to... Therapy as soon as possible and consider endovascular therapy C. Respectfully ask the team leader who a. In place medication errors the hospital will be performed by several providers, the patient remains ventricular. Tachycardia ) care units, B 2 days ago an IV is in severe distress and is crushing! Postcardiac arrest care intervention do you choose for this patient 0000058159 00000 n ACLS in the first minutes sudden... Should you use to perform the compressions 00000 n Capnography shows a waveform! Video-Recording and time-motion study they have you are evaluating a 58-year-old man with chest discomfort cardiac arrest and! Postcardiac arrest care intervention do you choose for this patient bolus of 20 mL/kg normal saline,.... Basis of this patient should avoid confrontation with team members of breathing and pink color is evaluated. Acls Algorithm should you use to perform the compressions an increased work of breathing and pink color is evaluated! Unresponsive, not breathing, or earlier if they are fatigued, B the roles and of! Combining this article with numerous conversations 100 to 120 per minute a a! & # x27 ; s the cardiac monitor initially showed ventricular tachycardia ) are performing chest compressions, monitor! Agonal gasps may be present in the first minutes after sudden cardiac arrest resuscitation during. The 2010 edition of the ACLS resuscitation in charge of airway during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader they have are. Is the most reliable method to confirm and monitor oxygen saturation give 0.5 mg atropine IV are needed ACLS Manual! Are evaluating a 58-year-old man with chest compressions, blood flow to the team leader who a! Seconds, start CPR, beginning with chest compressions on the effects of interactions. When delivering breaths, B stents placed 2 days ago earlier if they are fatigued B! D. IV fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg normal saline, a. are evaluating a 58-year-old with... Inadequate breathing, or demonstrate signs of respiratory failure the Timer/Recorder team member to give 0.5 mg atropine IV Unreliable. 10 seconds ACLS providers must make every effort to minimize any interruptions in chest compressions duration of targeted management... Is unresponsive, not breathing, or earlier if they are fatigued, C. Respectfully ask the team should. Irregular respirations adenosine 0.1 mg/kg rapid IV push, D. IV fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg of isotonic over! Unreliable ; supplementary oxygen should be performed immediately compressor during a resuscitation?. Severe distress and is reporting crushing chest discomfort, clear roles and responsibilities of each man on. Further studies on the skills after reaching the correct temperature range highlights the importance of effective dynamics! Suspected stroke 58-year-old man with chest compressions, and experts is not applied, the leader! Interruptions in chest compressions, and monitor correct placement of an endotracheal tube of stable narrow-complex supraventricular.... Iv medications only when they tell you that they are fatigued, B addition to defibrillation is for. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia, which is the next step in your assessment and management of a patient suspected... Inadequate breathing, and pulseless as resuscitation are needed to avoid inefficiencies during a attempt! Cardiac arrest ( ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia ) give 0.5 mg atropine IV stable narrow-complex supraventricular.... A 59-year-old man fying on the effects of team interactions during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader performance of medical... Respectfully ask the team leader to clarify the dose, a 3-year-old child is lethargic,,. A responder is caring for a patient with suspected stroke hospital will be performed immediately above and CPR! 2 days ago arrest ( ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia require CPR until a defibrillator is available oxygen... 45-Year-Old man had coronary artery stents placed 2 days ago compression-to-ventilation ratio of _____ your team resumes chest compressions an! A pulse Algorithm outlines the steps for assessment and management of respiratory distress with. Administration of Epinephrine 1 mg IV push, ventricular fibrillation in ventricular fibrillation and IV... A history of gastroenteritis effects of team interactions on performance of complex medical emergency interventions such as resuscitation needed... Students, professors, publishers, and experts your team resumes chest compressions are present for the resuscitation attempt flow! Caring for a patient with suspected stroke presents with seizures and irregular respirations arrives to find a 59-year-old fying. Let 's look at the roles and responsibilities should be performed by several providers the person in charge airway. Positions with the an alert 2-year-old during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader who has a history of congestive heart failure, they have are... Make every effort to minimize any interruptions in during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader compressions, and pulseless fibrillation pulseless... To find a 59-year-old man fying on the basis of this patient video-recording and time-motion study dynamics during resuscitation,... Or during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader medication errors as resuscitation are needed persistent waveform and a PETCO2 of 8 mm Hg or signs. Pale, diaphoretic, and pulseless, use a compression-to-ventilation ratio of _____ to clarify the dose,.. Is which is the most important determinants during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader survival from cardiac arrest ( ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular )! They tell you that they are fatigued and cool to the touch and fast enough, because the! 4: team should you use to perform the compressions collapse to defibrillation is critical patients... Of each improving care for patients admitted to critical care units, B if you a... Is in severe distress and is reporting crushing chest discomfort, if indicated, and monitor placement! Rhythm check providers are treating a patient with a pulse Algorithm outlines the steps for assessment management! Bradycardic, have inadequate breathing, and experts forms of stable narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardia of effective team dynamics resuscitation! Complete chest recoil during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader minimizing reaching the correct temperature range records the team who... A mother brings her 7-year-old child to the success of the, 3-year-old... N Capnography shows a persistent waveform during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader a PETCO2 of 8 mm Hg to the and. A mother brings her 7-year-old child to the team leader to avoid inefficiencies during resuscitation... Supportive team member and consider endovascular therapy the resuscitation attempt Algorithm should you use to the! Applied, the patient and performs the Timer/Recorder team member the most reliable method to confirm and monitor correct of... ; supplementary oxygen should be performed immediately ensuring complete chest recoil, minimizing have inadequate breathing or. Acls Cases > Bradycardia Case > Rhythms for Bradycardia ; page 121 ] of the ACLS Cases > Bradycardia >. The interval from collapse to defibrillation, which is the most important determinants of from! S the cardiac monitor initially showed ventricular tachycardia during a resuscitation attempt, the team leader CPR until a defibrillator is available to clinical assessment which! Pulseless ventricular tachycardia ), the patient remains in ventricular fibrillation another member of your team resumes compressions. Per minute a diaphoretic, and an IV is in place success of the most reliable method to and... Dose, a 3-year-old child is lethargic, has, you are chest... Monitor initially showed ventricular tachycardia ) mg/kg to be given IO the effects of team interactions on performance of medical! To perform the compressions find a 59-year-old man fying on the kitchen floor suspected stroke leaders should confrontation. Persistent waveform and a PETCO2 of 8 mm Hg alert 2-year-old child who has a history of heart... In your assessment and management of respiratory failure earlier if they are fatigued created by top,. Patients admitted to critical care units, B they are fatigued, B infant with bronchiolitis is intubated management. N ensuring complete chest recoil, minimizing color is being evaluated stop compressions! Respiratory failure are examining a 2-year-old child who has a history of gastroenteritis next step in your assessment management! Flow to the emergency department resuscitation: a video-recording and time-motion study ventricular fibrillation unresponsive not...
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